Hierarchical Structure in Brazilian Industrial Firms: an Econometric Study

The paper investigates different implications of theoretical models for hierarchical structure. A sample of 6567 firms in the Brazilian manufacturing industry is considered and explanatory factors pertaining structural characteristics, network technology, technological innovations, managerial innovations and incentive mechanisms are investigated. Despite the broader availability of explanatory variables in some categories, one only detects important joint effects accruing from the group of network technology variables as had been previously obtained in the related literature. In contrast, however, one can detect a marginally significant joint effect of the newly considered group of incentive mechanisms variables. The evidence in terms of individual effects is largely consistent with the predicted effects from the theoretical literature on hierarchy.

Hospitals universitários: indicadores de utilização e análise de eficiência

This paper studies the performance of 45 Brazilian federal teaching hospitals, within five semesters as from 1998 by connecting and assessing technical efficiency scores and service indicators. The efficiency scores are obtained from data envelopment analysis (DBA) model. The service indicators used are the occupancy rate, the turnover rate and the average length of stay. The approach allows for regional and temporal analysis, besides bed size and clinical specialties (medicine and surgery) insights. By connecting efficiency scores and service indicators in a panel data regression model, some interesting relationships between these variables are achieved. We could find that fixed effects, specific to each hospital, are important, but increases in relative efficiency may be achieved trough decreases in average length of stay, what configures a delicate coordination problem

Hospitals universitários: indicadores de utilização e análise de eficiência

This paper studies the performance of 45 Brazilian federal teaching hospitals, within five semesters as from 1998 by connecting and assessing technical efficiency scores and service indicators. The efficiency scores are obtained from data envelopment analysis (DBA) model. The service indicators used are the occupancy rate, the turnover rate and the average length of stay. The approach allows for regional and temporal analysis, besides bed size and clinical specialties (medicine and surgery) insights. By connecting efficiency scores and service indicators in a panel data regression model, some interesting relationships between these variables are achieved. We could find that fixed effects, specific to each hospital, are important, but increases in relative efficiency may be achieved trough decreases in average length of stay, what configures a delicate coordination problem

Hospitals universitários: avaliação comparativa de eficiência técnica

This paper presents an exercise on comparative efficiency evaluation ofBrazilian federal university hospitals HUs (43 organizations). The methodology used is Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA, along with statistical non-parametric procedures and specific tests. As direct extensions of DEA, the paper also explores the recommended adjustment of inefficient cases to the efficiency frontier, the problem of returns to scale, and the relationships between (in) efficiencies and possible interactions among the HUs. Also, the paper tries to motivate the assessment ofDEA as part of a mechanism of comparative evaluation of complex organizations. Firstly, because DEA identifies "best practices" within the observed cases. Secondly, because DEA can assist public policies, as a useful learning, incentive and coordination instrument

Dinâmica multissetorial da indústria brasileira: um estudo empírico

O trabalho investigou aspectos da dinâmica da indústria de transformação no período 1995-1997 em termos de variáveis relativas a tamanho médio de planta, taxas de entrada e de saída e turbulência. Os resultados no nível de 4 dígitos evidenciaram um elevado grau de heterogeneidade de comportamento entre os diferentes setores. A tentativa de identificação de padrões baseou-se na Análise Discriminante com pré-classificações definidas a partir de Análise de Grupamento em setores a 2 dígitos e categorias de uso dos bens. Os resultados não foram suficientemente fortes no sentido de evidenciarem padrões setoriais definidos e, portanto, são consistentes com outros estudos desenvolvidos para os Estados Unidos.The article investigated aspects of the manufacturing industrial dynamics in the period 1995-97 in terms of variables related to average plant size, entry and exit rates and turbulence. The results at the 4 digits level indicated a high degree of behavior heterogeneity across the different sectors. The attempt to identify patterns was based in Discriminant Analysis with pre-classifications defined upon Cluster Analysis in 2 digits sectors and users group. The results were not sufficiently strong in the sense of indicating salient sectoral patterns and therefore are consistent with other studies developed for the United States

Avaliação de financiamentos a projetos de P&D

Este ensaio procura resumir, nos seus aspectos essenciais, a metodologia que vem orientando o programa de trabalho do núcleo de avaliação da diretoria de planejamento da Finep. A orientação metodológica geral esta apresentada na segunda seção, e inspira-se numa representação do sistema de financiamento que enfatiza os aspectos dinâmicos ou temporais dos projetos de P&D, através de um modelo de entrada/saida, e aspectos "qualitativos", relacionados a interação entre a agência de financiamento e a comunidade especifica do interesse direto da politica pública avaliada. A terceira seção apresenta a estrutura básica do sistema de coleta e processamento de informações, inclusive das atividades internas da agência, que constitui a base de dados para os estudos que vem sendo realizados. A ultima seção discute a natureza destes estudos de avaliação